Advertisement
VideoGIE
Advanced searchSave search
Video case report| Volume 7, ISSUE 2, P79-81, February 2022

Endoscopic submucosal dissection for a laterally spreading ampullary carcinoma

Open AccessPublished:December 16, 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vgie.2021.11.001
Endoscopic submucosal dissection for a laterally spreading ampullary carcinoma
Previous ArticleEUS-guided bilateral biliary access and metal stent placement post-Whipple resection
Next ArticleNavigational tunnel technique for gastric peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy: getting straight to the point (pylorus)

      Video

      (mp4, (87.96 MB)
      Download video

      We performed endoscopic submucosal dissection with the patient under conscious sedation. After making markings around the lesion, we incised the mucosa from the oral side of the ampullary lesion and dissected the submucosal layer using a Clutch Cutter. We created 2 submucosal tunnels to identify the dissection line of the ampulla. After completion of the tunnels, we performed a mucosal incision circumferentially and dissected the submucosal layer except the ampulla. Subsequently, we removed the ampulla directly above the muscle layer of the duodenum using the Clutch Cutter. En bloc resection was achieved. After resecting the lesion, a biliary stent and pancreatic stent were placed into the common bile duct and pancreatic duct, respectively. Prophylactic closure of the mucosal defect was performed using endoclips and a polyglycolic acid sheet with fibrin glue to prevent delayed perforation and bleeding.

      Abbreviations:

      EP (endoscopic papillectomy), ESD (endoscopic submucosal dissection)

      Description

      Endoscopic papillectomy (EP) is not standard of care for early ampullary carcinoma but may be considered in select situations owing to its minimal invasiveness compared with pancreaticoduodenectomy and the low incidence of lymph node metastasis.
      • Yoon S.M.
      • Kim M.H.
      • Kim M.J.
      • et al.
      Focal early stage cancer in ampullary adenoma: surgery or endoscopic papillectomy?.
      Gastrointest Endosc. 2007; 66: 701-707
      ,
      • Klein A.
      • Tutticci N.
      • Bourke M.J.
      Endoscopic resection of advanced and laterally spreading duodenal papillary tumors.
      Dig Endosc. 2016; 28: 121-130
      However, the curative resection rate of EP with negative margins was limited to approximately 87% of patients with neoplastic ampullary lesions.
      • Spadaccini M.
      • Fugazza A.
      • Frazzoni L.
      • et al.
      Endoscopic papillectomy for neoplastic ampullary lesions: a systematic review with pooled analysis.
      United European Gastroenterol J. 2020; 8: 44-51
      The curative resection rate of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is expected to be higher, even for a large ampullary lesion, than EP using a snare. ESD for ampullary lesions is the most challenging endoscopic procedure, owing to the associated technical difficulties of endoscope maneuverability and the high risk of perioperative adverse events. However, we attempted ESD for a laterally spreading duodenal papillary carcinoma in light of the development of a safe and efficient duodenal ESD using a scissor-type knife for nonampullary duodenal tumors.
      • Dohi O.
      • Yoshida N.
      • Naito Y.
      • et al.
      Efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection using a scissors-type knife with prophylactic over-the-scope clip closure for superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors.
      Dig Endosc. 2020; 32: 904-913
      A laterally spreading duodenal papillary carcinoma was sporadically detected in a 78-year-old woman during screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy before low anterior resection for rectal cancer. The preoperative histologic diagnosis of the biopsy specimens was a well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. The patient was referred to our hospital for treatment of duodenal papillary carcinoma. A laterally spreading tumor approximately 3 cm in size presented as a slightly elevated lesion with a central protrusion located on the ampulla (Fig. 1A and B). EUS revealed that the lesion was a hypoechoic mass with a clear margin from the ampulla, and bile and pancreatic duct wall were normal and nondilated. Therefore, we diagnosed the intramucosal papillary neoplasm as lacking infiltration into the sphincter of Oddi (Fig. 1C and D).
      Figure thumbnail gr1
      Figure 1White-light imaging of a laterally spreading tumor approximately 35 mm in size, which was a slightly elevated lesion with a central protrusion located on the ampulla. A, Oral side. B, Anal side of the tumor. Magnifying blue-laser imaging of the tumor: (C) irregular microstructure and microvessels at the edge of the lesion and (D) at the center of the lesion. Endoscopic ultrasonography: (E) the lesion was a hypoechoic mass with a clear margin from the ampulla, and (F) the bile and pancreatic duct walls were normal and nondilated.
      We discussed the treatment strategy for this patient with surgeons in an institutional cancer board. Considering the risks of postoperative death and adverse events after pancreatoduodenectomy for this elderly patient, we decided that ESD was a better choice. Therefore, we performed ESD to remove the lesion with negative margins (Video 1, available online at www.giejournal.org).
      First, we performed ESD with the patient under conscious sedation with pentazocine and propofol. A VIO300D (ERBE, Tübingen, Germany) was used during the ESD procedure. After submucosal injection of sodium hyaluronate solution, we incised the mucosa from the proximal side of the ampulla and dissected the submucosal layer using an EG-L580RD endoscope (Fujifilm Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) with a scissor-type knife (Clutch Cutter 3.5 mm; Fujifilm Co Ltd) in Endocut I mode (effect 1, duration 4, interval 1) after soft coagulation mode (effect 5, 100 W). We then created 2 submucosal tunnels to identify the dissection line of the ampulla in only Endocut I mode. After completion of the tunnels, the ampulla was removed directly (Fig. 2A). Subsequently, a mucosal incision was performed circumferentially, and en bloc resection was achieved (Fig. 2B).
      Figure thumbnail gr2
      Figure 2Endoscopic submucosal dissection for a laterally spreading papillary carcinoma. A, Submucosal dissection of the ampulla. B, En bloc resection of the tumor. C, A biliary stent and pancreatic stent with prophylactic closure of the mucosal defect using endoclips. D, A polyglycolic acid sheet with fibrin glue was placed and covered to prevent delayed perforation and bleeding.
      After resection of the lesion, a 7F biliary stent (Flexima, Boston Scientific, Tokyo, Japan) and a 5F pancreatic stent (Geenen; Cook Medical Japan, Tokyo, Japan) were placed into the common bile duct and common pancreatic duct, respectively. It was easy to perform cannulation of the bile duct and pancreatic duct because each duct was clearly distinct after ESD owing to complete papillectomy. Prophylactic closure of the mucosal defect was attempted using endoclips (Sure Clip; Micro-Tech Co, Ltd, Nanjing, China) to prevent delayed perforation and bleeding (Fig. 2C). However, the mucosal defects remained near the ampulla; it was not possible to place the clips because of the stents that were in place. A polyglycolic acid sheet (Neoveil, GUNZE Ltd, Kyoto, Japan) with fibrin glue was placed and covered (Fig. 2D).
      The patient had a good clinical course and no adverse events. The pathologic diagnosis was intramucosal tubular adenocarcinoma with no infiltration into the sphincter of Oddi, and there were negative horizontal and vertical margins. Therefore, curative resection was performed. The patient had no symptoms or recurrence 1 year after the ESD.
      In conclusion, ESD is a feasible and effective treatment for a laterally spreading duodenal papillary carcinoma.

      Disclosure

      Dr Dohi and Dr Yoshida both have research grants from Fujifilm Co. Ltd. All other authors disclosed no financial relationships.

      Supplementary data

      • Download .mp4 (87.96 MB)
        Help with .mp4 files
        Video 1

        We performed endoscopic submucosal dissection with the patient under conscious sedation. After making markings around the lesion, we incised the mucosa from the oral side of the ampullary lesion and dissected the submucosal layer using a Clutch Cutter. We created 2 submucosal tunnels to identify the dissection line of the ampulla. After completion of the tunnels, we performed a mucosal incision circumferentially and dissected the submucosal layer except the ampulla. Subsequently, we removed the ampulla directly above the muscle layer of the duodenum using the Clutch Cutter. En bloc resection was achieved. After resecting the lesion, a biliary stent and pancreatic stent were placed into the common bile duct and pancreatic duct, respectively. Prophylactic closure of the mucosal defect was performed using endoclips and a polyglycolic acid sheet with fibrin glue to prevent delayed perforation and bleeding.

      References

        • Yoon S.M.
        • Kim M.H.
        • Kim M.J.
        • et al.
        Focal early stage cancer in ampullary adenoma: surgery or endoscopic papillectomy?.
        Gastrointest Endosc. 2007; 66: 701-707
        View in Article
        • Klein A.
        • Tutticci N.
        • Bourke M.J.
        Endoscopic resection of advanced and laterally spreading duodenal papillary tumors.
        Dig Endosc. 2016; 28: 121-130
        View in Article
        • Spadaccini M.
        • Fugazza A.
        • Frazzoni L.
        • et al.
        Endoscopic papillectomy for neoplastic ampullary lesions: a systematic review with pooled analysis.
        United European Gastroenterol J. 2020; 8: 44-51
        View in Article
        • Dohi O.
        • Yoshida N.
        • Naito Y.
        • et al.
        Efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection using a scissors-type knife with prophylactic over-the-scope clip closure for superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors.
        Dig Endosc. 2020; 32: 904-913
        View in Article

      Article info

      Publication history

      Published online: December 16, 2021

      Footnotes

      If you would like to chat with an author of this article, you may contact Dr Dohi at [email protected]

      Identification

      DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vgie.2021.11.001

      Copyright

      © 2022 American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Published by Elsevier Inc.

      User license

      Creative Commons Attribution – NonCommercial – NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) |
      How you can reuse Information Icon
      Creative Commons Attribution – NonCommercial – NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

      Permitted

      For non-commercial purposes:

      • Read, print & download
      • Redistribute or republish the final article
      • Text & data mine
      • Translate the article (private use only, not for distribution)
      • Reuse portions or extracts from the article in other works

      Not Permitted

      • Sell or re-use for commercial purposes
      • Distribute translations or adaptations of the article

      Elsevier's open access license policy

      ScienceDirect

      Access this article on ScienceDirect
      We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. To update your cookie settings, please visit the for this site.
      Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. except certain content provided by third parties. The content on this site is intended for healthcare professionals.


      RELX